Ukwethulwa kwe-oriented strand board

Ukwethulwa kwe-oriented strand board

I-Oriented strand board

I-Oriented strand board (OSB) iwuhlobo lokhuni olwenziwe ngobunjiniyela olufana nebhodi lezinhlayiyana, elakhiwe ngokungeza izinto zokunamathisela bese licindezela izingqimba zemicu yokhuni (ama-flakes) ngendlela ethile.Yasungulwa ngu-Armin Elmendorf eCalifornia ngo-1963.[1]I-OSB ingase ibe nendawo emangelengele futhi ehlukahlukene enemicu engayodwana cishe engu-2.5 cm × 15 cm (1.0 by 5.9 amayintshi), ilele ngokulinganayo ivundlane, futhi ikhiqizwa ngezinhlobo nogqinsi oluhlukahlukene.

Isebenzisa
I-OSB iwumsebenzi onezici zokumashini ezivumayo eziyenza ifaneleke ngokukhethekile izinhlelo ezithwala umthwalo ekwakhiweni.[2]Manje isidume kakhulu kune-plywood, ilawula ama-66% emakethe yamaphaneli ezakhiwo zaseNyakatho Melika.[3]Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zifana ne-sheathing ezindongeni, i-flooring, ne-roof decking.Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zodonga lwangaphandle, amaphaneli ayatholakala ngesendlalelo se-radiant-barrier laminated ohlangothini olulodwa;lokhu kunciphisa ukufakwa futhi kwandisa ukusebenza kwamandla kwemvilophu yokwakha.I-OSB nayo isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ifenisha.

Ukukhiqiza
Ibhodi lomucu omakiwe lakhiwe ngomata ababanzi kusukela ezingqimbeni ezigxile ezimpambanweni zemicu yokhuni emincane, engunxande ecindezelwe futhi ehlanganiswe ndawonye nge-wax nezinamatheliso ze-resin zokwenziwa.

Izinhlobo zezinhlayiya zokunamathisela ezisetshenzisiwe zifaka: i-urea-formaldehyde (uhlobo lwe-OSB 1, i-nonstructural, non-waterproof);i-isocyanate-based glue (noma i-PMDI poly-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate esekelwe) ezindaweni zangaphakathi ezine-melamine-urea-formaldehyde noma i-phenol formaldehyde resin glues endaweni (uhlobo lwe-OSB 2, lwesakhiwo, ukumelana namanzi ebusweni);i-phenol formaldehyde resin kuyo yonke (izinhlobo ze-OSB 3 no-4, zesakhiwo, ukuze zisetshenziswe endaweni emanzi nangaphandle).[4]

Izendlalelo zenziwa ngokuhlehla izinkuni zibe yimicu, ehlungwa bese iqondiswa ebhandeni noma ezintambo zocingo.Umata wenziwa umugqa wokubumba.Imicu yokhuni ezendlalelo zangaphandle iqondaniswe ne-eksisi yamandla yephaneli, kuyilapho izendlalelo zangaphakathi zi-perpendicular.Inani lezendlalelo ezibekiwe linqunywa ngokwengxenye ukujiya kwephaneli, kodwa linqunyelwe okokusebenza okufakwe endaweni yokukhiqiza.Izendlalelo ngazinye zingaphinda zihluke ngogqinsi ukuze zinikeze ukujiya okuhlukile kwephaneli eqediwe (imvamisa, isendlalelo esingu-15 cm (5.9 in) sizokhiqiza ukujiya kwephaneli engu-15 mm (0.59 in)[catation]).I-mat ifakwa emshinini wokunyathelisa oshisayo ukuze ucindezele ama-flakes futhi uwabophe ngokuvula ukushisa nokuphulukiswa kwe-resin eboshwe kuma-flakes.Amaphaneli angawodwana abe esesikwa kumata abe osayizi abaqediwe.Iningi le-OSB yomhlaba lenziwa e-United States naseCanada ezindaweni ezinkulu zokukhiqiza.

Imikhiqizo ehlobene
Izinto ezingaphandle kokhuni zisetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo efana ne-OSB.Ibhodi lotshani eliqondiswe kahle liyibhodi elinobunjiniyela elenziwe ngokuhlukanisa utshani futhi lakhiwe ngokwengeza okunamathelayo kwe-P-MDI bese kuba nezingqimba ezishisayo zokucindezela zotshani ezindaweni ezithile.[5]Ibhodi le-Strand lingenziwa futhi kusuka ku-bagasse.

Ukukhiqiza
Ngo-2005, ukukhiqizwa kwe-Canadian kwakungu-10,500,000 m2 (113,000,000 sq ft) (3⁄8 in noma 9.53 mm isisekelo) lapho 8,780,000 m2 (94,500,000 sq ft) (3⁄3, cishe yonke i-United States, i-United States iyonke) yathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. .[6]Ngo-2014, iRomania yaba yizwe elikhulu kunawo wonke le-OSB ethumela kwamanye amazwe eYurophu, nama-28% okuthunyelwa ngaphandle aya eRussia kanye no-16% e-Ukraine.

Izakhiwo
Ukulungiswa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza kungathinta ukushuba, usayizi wephaneli, amandla, nokuqina.Amaphaneli e-OSB awanazo izikhala noma izikhala zangaphakathi, futhi angakwazi ukumelana namanzi, nakuba edinga ulwelwesi olungeziwe ukuze afinyelele ukungakwazi ukungena emanzini futhi awanconyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle.Umkhiqizo osuphelile unezakhiwo ezifana ne-plywood, kodwa ufana futhi ushibhile.[8]Uma ihlolwe ukuthi iyehluleka, i-OSB inamandla amakhulu okuthwala kunamaphaneli okhuni olugayiwe.[9]Ithathe indawo yeplywood ezindaweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi imakethe yamaphaneli esakhiwo saseNyakatho Melika.

Nakuba i-OSB ingenakho okusanhlamvu okuqhubekayo njengokhuni lwemvelo, ine-eksisi lapho amandla ayo amakhulu kakhulu.Lokhu kungabonakala ngokubheka ukuhleleka kwama-chips okhuni angaphezulu.

Wonke amaphaneli okusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo esenziwe ngokhuni angasikwa futhi afakwe ngezinhlobo ezifanayo zemishini njengokhuni oluqinile.

Impilo nokuphepha
Ama-resin asetshenziselwa ukwakha i-OSB aphakamise imibuzo mayelana namandla okuthi i-OSB ikhiphe izinhlanganisela eziphilayo ezishintshashintshayo njenge-formaldehyde.I-Urea-formaldehyde inobuthi kakhulu futhi kufanele igwenywe uma isetshenziswa ekhaya.Imikhiqizo ye-Phenol-formaldehyde ibhekwa njengengenabungozi.Ezinye izinhlobo ezintsha ze-OSB, okuthiwa amaphaneli e-OSB “esizukulwane esisha”, zisebenzisa izinhlaka ze-isocyanate ezingenayo i-formaldehyde futhi ezibhekwa njengezingaguquki lapho zelashwa.[10]Amaqembu okuhweba ngezimboni agomela ngokuthi ukukhishwa kwe-formaldehyde okuvela ku-OSB yaseNyakatho Melika “akunakwa noma akukho”.[11]

Abanye abakhiqizi baphatha ama-chips ezinkuni ngezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene ze-borate ezinobuthi bomuhlwa, amabhungane abhoboza izinkuni, isikhunta, nesikhunta, kodwa hhayi izilwane ezincelisayo ezisetshenziswayo.

Izinhlobo
Amabanga amahlanu e-OSB achazwa ku-EN 300 ngokuya ngokusebenza kwawo kwemishini kanye nokumelana okulinganiselwe nomswakamo:[2]

OSB/0 - Ayikho i-formaldehyde eyengeziwe
I-OSB/1 - Amabhodi anenhloso ejwayelekile namabhodi okufakwa kwangaphakathi (kuhlanganise nefenisha) ukuze asetshenziswe ezimeni ezomile
I-OSB/2 - Amabhodi athwala imithwalo azosetshenziswa ezimeni ezomile
I-OSB/3 - Amabhodi athwala imithwalo azosetshenziswa ezimeni ezinomswakama
I-OSB/4 - Amabhodi athwala umthwalo osindayo ukuze asetshenziswe ezimeni ezinomswakama